The medical world has a variety of very specific techniques and methods, including surgical stitches. Surgical stitches are one of the important procedures in the wound healing process after surgery or medical procedures. Each type of stitch has different characteristics and uses.
Understanding the types of surgical sutures is very important for medical personnel to ensure optimal healing and minimize the risk of complications.
How Many Types of Surgical Sutures Are There? Find Out Now!
This article will thoroughly examine the various types of surgical sutures that are common in modern medical practice.
1. Interrupted Stitches
Interrupted suture is the most basic suture technique in surgical practice. Its main characteristic is that the suture thread enters and exits separately at each stitch.
This method makes it easier for doctors if there is a wound infection, they only need to open the stitches in the infected area. However, the disadvantage of this stitch is that the process takes a long time.
2. Continuous Stitching (Continuous Stitching)
Unlike interrupted stitches, continuous stitches use one thread that continues throughout the wound. This technique is faster than interrupted stitches, but has the risk that if the thread breaks, the entire stitch can come off.
3. Vertical Mattress Stitch
This next wound suturing technique is often used by doctors in surgical procedures, especially to close surgical wounds. Especially in areas with excess skin or subcutaneous fat.
This technique begins by inserting the needle at a perpendicular angle at a distance from the edge of the wound according to the depth of the wound or about 1 cm for deep wounds, then the needle penetrates all layers of the wound and exits on the opposite side at the same distance.
After that, the needle direction is reversed and placed near the edge of the wound, passing through the epidermis layer and then secured with a knot on one side.
The advantage of this technique lies in its ability to optimally bring the edges of the wound closer together, resulting in a faster healing process.
4. Horizontal Mattress Stitch
This type of suture produces an everted result (raised wound edges) and is very suitable for thick skin such as the soles of the feet.
This technique begins by inserting the needle about 4-8 mm from the edge of the wound, then penetrating to the opposite side. After that, the needle is reversed using needle holder and reinserted on the same side as downwards towards the wound, passing through the back side of the wound, and finally exiting on the starting side at the same distance from the first puncture site.
This suture provides extra strength due to its knot-like stitch pattern and is effective in bringing the edges of a wound together.
5. Subcuticular Sutures
The process of sewing a wound with a subcuticular type is done under the epidermis layer in a zigzag manner so that it produces minimal stitches. This technique is ideal for wounds in areas that require good cosmetic results, with threads that can be left or removed later.
6. Locked Basting Stitch
The last type is a modification of the continuous suture where the suture is secured by passing the needle through the thread each time a stitch is made. This technique reduces the risk of the entire suture coming loose if the thread breaks and is suitable for wounds that require greater suture strength.
Surgical Suture Selection Factors
After knowing how many types of surgical stitches there are, let’s move on to the selection factors. Determining the type of surgical stitches requires in-depth consideration from medical personnel.
1. Location of the wound
Each area of the body has different tissue characteristics and tensions. For example, a wound on the face requires different suture techniques than a wound on the abdomen or extremities. The location of the wound influences the choice of suture, suture technique, and closure method that is most appropriate for achieving optimal results.
2. Depth of Wound
The depth of the wound determines the complexity of the suture procedure. Superficial wounds or minor incisions may be sufficient with intracutaneous sutures, while deep wounds involving multiple layers of tissue require a layered approach with subcutaneous or continuous sutures. The deeper the wound, the more complex the suture technique.
3. Network Voltage Level
Some areas of the body have high tissue tension, such as joints or areas that often move. In these conditions, the doctor must choose a suture technique that can withstand tension and prevent wound opening. Mattress sutures or other special techniques exist to ensure the strength of the suture in areas with high mechanical stress.
4. Risk of Infection
Infection risk considerations are critical in selecting a suture type. Areas with high potential for contamination or patients with compromised immune systems require a suture approach that minimizes the risk of infection. Selection of specific sutures, sterilization techniques, and appropriate wound closure methods are all factors.
5. Aesthetic Interests
In wounds in visible areas, such as the face or other exposed areas, cosmetic factors are an important consideration. Intracutaneous suture techniques or microsurgery produce minimal and aesthetic scars. Therefore, it is suitable for patients who are highly concerned about the final appearance of the wound.
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Reference:
https://www.scribd.com/document/337442992/Macam-macam-Jahitan-Luka
https://www.kavacare.id/beberapa-jenis-jahitan-luka/
https://www.scribd.com/presentation/478130809/Jenis-jenis-Jahitan-Luka
